Animal Use

Animal Alternatives

According to the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee Guidebook...

There is increasing public interest in exploring alternatives to the use of animals in research and testing. IACUCs regularly consider the question, "Is there an alternative to using live animals in this proposal?" Some suggest that the only acceptable alternatives are those that completely replace animals, while others have less restrictive definitions. The definition of alternatives that allows a degree of common understanding was developed by Russell and Burch, and is referred to as the three "Rs"- replacement, refinement, and reduction.

Listed below are helpful resources that provide additional information on alternatives:

Johns Hopkins University - Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing
AGRICOLA	AGRICultural OnLine Access: Bibliographic database of citations to publications and resources encompassing all aspects of agriculture and allied disciplines, including animal and veterinary sciences, entomology, plant sciences, forestry, aquaculture and fisheries, farming and farming systems, agricultural economics, extension and education, food and human nutrition, and earth and environmental sciences. Coverage 1970-present.
Altweb	(Johns Hopkins) Provides a search engine to find information on alternative procedures.
Center for Animal Alternatives	(UC-Davis)
PubMed	Citations and abstracts for articles published in journals in medicine, life science and health administrations.
RePORTER	The CRISP system has been replaced by the RePORT Expenditures and Results (RePORTER) query tool. This new tool retains all of the features of CRISP while providing additional query fields, hit lists that can be sorted and downloaded to Excel, NIH funding for each project (expenditures), and the publications and patents that have acknowledged support from each project (results). RePORTER also provides links to PubMed Central, PubMed, and the US Patent & Trademark Office Patent Full Text and Image Database for more information on research results.
TOXLINE	National Library on Medicine's extensive collection of online bibliographic information covering the biochemical, pharmacological, physiological, and toxicological effects of drugs and other chemicals.